Prometric HAAD/DHA/MOH MOCK TEST - 1
1.
In the progression of acute kidney disease (AKD), which of the following signs and symptoms is most likely to be observed in the oliguric stage?
2.
During which stage of acute kidney disease does the patient typically experience a return to normal renal function or near-normal renal function?
3.
A 55-year-old patient with diabetes and hypertension reports feeling fatigued and experiencing swelling in the legs. The nurse suspects early-stage chronic renal failure (CRF). What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
4.
A patient with chronic renal failure is on a fluid restriction of 1,000 mL per day. The nurse notices that the patient is complaining of dry mouth and thirst. What should the nurse do?
5.
A patient with chronic renal failure reports feeling weak and is found to have a hemoglobin level of 9 g/dL. The nurse suspects anemia as a complication of CRF. What is the most likely cause of anemia in this patient?
6.
A patient with chronic renal failure is receiving dietary counselling. Which food should the nurse recommend avoiding to help manage the patient's condition?
7.
A patient with chronic renal failure reports itching and dry skin. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention to address this issue?
8.
A nurse is caring for a patient on peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following is an indication that the patient may be experiencing peritonitis?
9.
A nurse is teaching a patient who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD) about a recommended diet. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse encourage the patient to limit in their diet?
10.
A nurse is assessing a patient on hemodialysis. Which complication should the nurse monitor for immediately after the dialysis treatment?
11.
A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being started on peritoneal dialysis. What is the most important instruction the nurse should give the patient regarding peritoneal dialysis exchanges?
12.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has had a kidney transplant. Which of the following should the nurse include in the patient's discharge teaching regarding medications?
13.
A nurse is educating a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) about sodium restriction. Which food should the nurse recommend the patient avoid?
14.
A nurse is assessing a patient on hemodialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse report immediately?
15.
A nurse is caring for a patient with peritoneal dialysis. Which finding would be a concern to the nurse during a routine assessment?
16.
A nurse is teaching a patient who is on hemodialysis about managing fluid intake. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
17.
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who is experiencing fatigue and pallor. The patient’s hemoglobin level is 8 g/dL. What should the nurse anticipate the provider might prescribe for this patient?
18.
A nurse is educating a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) about dietary restrictions. Which food should the patient avoid to help manage phosphate levels?
19.
A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is experiencing nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. Which laboratory value would the nurse most likely expect to be elevated in this patient?
20.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just completed a peritoneal dialysis exchange. The patient reports feeling full and bloated after the fluid has drained. What is the nurse’s priority action?
21.
A nurse is caring for a patient on hemodialysis who has developed hypotension during the procedure. What should the nurse do first?
22.
A nurse is assessing a patient with peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following signs and symptoms would suggest that the patient may be experiencing a complication?
23.
A nurse is teaching a patient about home dialysis. Which of the following is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching?
24.
A nurse is caring for a patient undergoing hemodialysis. About 1 hour into the treatment, the patient suddenly develops fever, chills, and malaise. The patient has not received any blood products during this session, and vital signs show BP 130/78 mmHg, HR 96 bpm, Temp 38.5°C (101.3°F). What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
25.
A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been prescribed a low-protein diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as a source of high-quality protein?
26.
A 55-year-old CKD patient on furosemide presents with muscle weakness and palpitations. Lab results show serum potassium 3.0 mEq/L. What is the nurse’s priority action?
27.
A CKD patient reports severe pruritus and dry skin. The patient is frustrated and asks for relief strategies. Which of the following intervention is appropriate?
28.
A patient with CKD exhibits confusion, asterixis, and elevated BUN/creatinine. What complication should the nurse suspect?
29.
A patient scheduled for hemodialysis presents for their session. Before starting, the nurse notices edema, crackles in the lungs, and weight gain. What is the most critical pre-dialysis assessment?
30.
A 68-year-old CKD patient reports muscle weakness and labs show serum potassium 6.8 mEq/L. Which action should the nurse take first?
31.
A CKD patient asks about dietary restrictions. Which information is most accurate?
32.
A CKD patient is prescribed calcium acetate. When should the nurse instruct the patient to take it?
33.
A patient scheduled for peritoneal dialysis reports redness and tenderness at the catheter exit site. What should the nurse do first?
34.
A patient on peritoneal dialysis reports cloudy drainage fluid during a home exchange. What is the nurse’s priority action?
35.
A CKD patient with an arteriovenous (AV) fistula asks why blood pressure should not be measured in that arm. What is the best explanation?
36.
A nurse is caring for a 72-year-old male with benign prostatic hyperplasia who has had an indwelling urinary catheter for 5 days. The patient reports suprapubic discomfort and cloudy urine. The nurse notes that the drainage bag is half full and placed on the patient’s bed. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
37.
During morning rounds, a nurse finds a patient who has an indwelling Foley catheter. The patient is restless, pulling at the catheter, and complains of lower abdominal discomfort. The nurse notes that the urine in the collection bag is blood-tinged. What should the nurse do first?
38.
A patient with a long-term indwelling catheter asks the nurse how to reduce the risk of infection at home. Which statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
39.
The nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a female patient. Which action is essential to reduce infection risk during the procedure?
40.
A nurse is caring for a postoperative patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. During routine assessment, the nurse observes that the urine output is only 20 mL over the past 2 hours. On palpation, the patient’s bladder feels distended and firm. What should the nurse do first?
41.
A 25-year-old female presents with dysuria, urinary urgency, and suprapubic pain. Urinalysis reveals positive nitrites and leukocyte esterase. The physician prescribes trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. What should the nurse emphasize during teaching?
42.
A 70-year-old woman with diabetes is admitted for recurrent urinary tract infections. Which finding requires immediate nursing intervention?
43.
A patient prescribed ciprofloxacin for UTI reports pain in the Achilles tendon. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do?
44.
During discharge teaching for a patient with UTI, which instruction is most appropriate?
45.
A patient on nitrofurantoin for UTI asks why her urine is turning brown. What is the nurse’s best response?
46.
A 36-year-old female is admitted with acute pyelonephritis. She reports flank pain, fever, and chills. The physician orders IV antibiotics. What should the nurse prioritize?
47.
A patient with nephrotic syndrome presents with periorbital edema, proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia. Which nursing intervention is most important?
48.
The nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome receiving corticosteroid therapy. Which finding indicates the need to notify the provider?
49.
A patient with chronic pyelonephritis is being discharged. Which statement requires further teaching?
50.
A nurse is reviewing labs of a patient with nephrotic syndrome. Findings include: albumin 2.0 g/dL, cholesterol 280 mg/dL, proteinuria 4+. What complication should the nurse monitor for?
51.
A 40-year-old male is admitted with severe left flank pain radiating to the groin, nausea, and hematuria. CT confirms a ureteral stone. What is the priority nursing intervention?
52.
A patient with a 5-mm ureteral stone is admitted for observation. Which nursing action is most appropriate to assist passage of the stone?
53.
A patient with uric acid stones is prescribed allopurinol. What is the main purpose of this medication?
54.
A patient with recurrent kidney stones is advised to strain urine. Why is this important?
55.
A nurse is caring for a patient 24 hours after renal transplantation. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
56.
A patient on cyclosporine after kidney transplant asks why frequent blood tests are needed. What is the best response?
57.
A patient post-renal transplant develops decreased urine output, hypertension, and graft tenderness. What should the nurse suspect?
58.
The nurse is teaching a renal transplant recipient about lifestyle changes. Which statement shows correct understanding?
59.
A patient 2 weeks post-renal transplant reports painful urination, cloudy urine, and fever. What is the nurse’s priority?
